Rougeulle group
Non coding RNA, differentiation and development

© Rougeulle Team
Research in the Rougeulle lab focuses on the emblematic process of X chromosome inactivation, with the aim to elucidate how such a chromosome-wide epigenetic silencing is achieved and regulated in various mammalian species. More generally, we are interested in the epigenetic control of gene expression in relation to cell identity and fate, the contribution of long noncoding RNA genes and transposable elements to these processes and the plasticity of epigenetic regulations in evolution.
We use a variety of mouse and primate pluripotent stem cells and their differentiated derivatives to recapitulate key developmental stages and cellular states. Our experimental strategy combines genome engineering (CRISPR) with single cell analyses, large scale transcriptomic and epigenomic investigations and 3D topological studies.
Our research projects :

Human X-inactivation in a dish
Description
X chromosome inactivation is critical for women development and linked to sex-specific susceptibilities to various diseases. To understand how XCI contributes to male-female differences, we model, in vitro, key steps of X-inactivation using, as an entry point, Human Embryonic Stem cells (hESC). hESC are reprogrammed to discover how XCI is initially established during the first days of embryonic development with a particular focus on the role of structural noncoding RNAs such as XIST and XACT. hESC are differentiated into specific cell types to assess the plasticity of XCI in distinct somatic tissues, including the hematopoietic compartment and organized tissue through the use of organoids.

Evolution of X-inactivation across primates
Description
Remarkable differences exist in the way X chromosome inactivation is set up between human and mouse in connection with drastically different network of regulatory lncRNA genes which our group contributed to decipher. We are now exploring phenotypic and mechanistic variability in X-inactivation across primates using non-human primate pluripotent stem cells to probe the degree of genetic and epigenetic innovation across a limited timescale, and the contribution of the noncoding genome to such evolution.

Plasticity of the noncoding genome
Description
The noncoding genome participates to the establishment of gene expression programs, and, as such, to cell identity and fate. It encompasses a vast repertoire of lncRNA genes (LRGs) – a fraction of which derives from endogenous retroviruses – whose function may be conveyed by distinct modules, such as the RNA itself, the genomic locus, the act of transcription, or any downstream smaller RNA by-products. X-inactivation is a striking example of a process controlled by LRGs acting at multiple levels and through diverse mechanisms. Our aim is to explore LRG’s versatility to understand whether a given LRG could play multiple functions in various developmental and cellular contexts, and how the underlying mechanisms may vary accordingly.
Publications
2023
- Rosspopoff O, Cazottes E, Huret C, Loda A, Collier A, Casanova M, Rugg-Gunn P, Heard E, Ouimette JF, Rougeulle C. Species-specific regulation of XIST by the JPX/FTX orthologs . Nucleic Acids Research, 2023 Feb
2022
- Mahadik K, Rougeulle C. Study of X Chromosome Activity Status in Human Naive Pluripotent Stem Cells Using RNA-FISH Methods Mol Biol. 2022;2416:239-255
2021
- Heard E, Rougeulle C. Digging into X chromosome inactivation. Science. 2021 Nov 19;374(6570):942-943.
- Moscatelli M., Rougeulle C. Dernières nouvelles du chromosome X: des principes généraux nuancés. Médecine/Sciences, 37 2 (2021) 152-158
2020
- Ouimette JF, Rougeulle C. Many XCI-ting routes to reach the eXACT dose. Nat Cell Biol. 2020 Dec;22(12):1397-1398
- Cazottes E., Rougeulle C. Straight to the X: Modeling Human X Chromosome Inactivation in hESCs by FGF Signal Blockade.Cell Stem Cell. 2020 Sep 3;27(3):352-353
- Patrat C, Ouimette JF, Rougeulle C. X chromosome inactivation in human development. Development 2020 Jan 3;147(1).
2019
- Casanova M, Moscatelli M, Chauvière LÉ, Huret C, Samson J, Liyakat Ali TM, Rosspopoff O, Rougeulle C. A primate-specific retroviral enhancer wires the XACT lncRNA into the core pluripotency network in humans. Nat Commun. 2019 Dec 11;10(1):5652.
2018
- Furlan G, Gutierrez Hernandez N, Huret C, Galupa R, van Bemmel JG, Romito A, Heard E, Morey C, Rougeulle C. The Ftx Noncoding Locus Controls X Chromosome Inactivation Independently of Its RNA Products. Mol Cell. 2018 Apr 20. pii: S1097-2765(18)30227-2.
2017
- Vallot C., Patrat C., Collier AJ., Huret C., Casanova M., Liyakat Ali TM., Tosolini M., Frydman N., Heard E., Rugg-Gunn P.J.and Rougeulle C. Competing action of XIST and XACT noncoding RNAs in the control of X chromosome activity during human early development. Cell Stem Cell. 2017 Jan 5;20(1):102-111.
2016
- Vallot C., Ouimette JF., Rougeulle C. Establishment of X chromosome inactivation and epigenomic features of the inactive X depend on cellular contexts. Bioessays. 2016 Sep;38(9):869-80
- Ouimette JF, Rougeulle C. How Many Non-coding RNAs Does It Take to Compensate Male/Female Genetic Imbalance? Adv Exp Med Biol. 2016;886:33-49
2015
- Vallot C*, Ouimette JF*, Makhlouf M, Féraud O, Pontis J, Côme J, Martinat C, Bennaceur-Griscelli A, Lalande M, Rougeulle C. Erosion of X Chromosome Inactivation in Human Pluripotent Cells Initiates with XACT Coating and Depends on a Specific Heterochromatin Landscape.Cell Stem Cell. 2015 May 7;16(5):533-46.
2014
- Makhlouf M.*, Ouimette JF.*, Oldfield A.*, Navarro P., Neuillet D. and Rougeulle C. A prominent and conserved role for YY1 in Xist transcriptional activation. Nat Commun. 2014 Sep 11;5:4878.
2013
- Häfner S. and Rougeulle C. La matière noire du génome. Pour la Science, 81: 58-63.
- Vallot C., Huret C., Lesecque Y., Resch A., Oudrhiri N., Bennaceur-Griscelli A., Duret L. and Rougeulle C. XACT, a long non-coding transcript coating the active X chromosome in human pluripotent cells. Nat Genet. 2013 Mar;45(3):239-41.
2012
- Vallot C. and Rougeulle C. Epigenetic stability of human pluripotent stem cells. « Epigenomics: From Chromatin Biology to Therapeutics » 118-133.
2011
- Romito A. and Rougeulle C. Origin and evolution of the long non-coding genes in the X-inactivation center. Biochimie. 2011 Nov;93(11):1935-42.
- Makhlouf M. and Rougeulle C. Linking X Chromosome Inactivation to Pluripotency: Necessity or Fate? Trends Mol Med. 2011 Jun;17(6):329-36.
2010
- Navarro P., Oldfield A., Legoupi J., Festuccia N., Dubois A., Attia M., Schoorlemmer J., Rougeulle C., Chambers I. and Avner P. Molecular coupling of Tsix regulation and pluripotency. Nature 2010 Nov 18;468(7322):457-60.
- Mitjavila-Garcia M., Bonnet M.L., Yates F., Haddad R., Oudrhiri N., Féraud O., Magniez A., Vallot C., Makhlouf M., Rougeulle C., Bennaceur-Griscelli A. and Turhan A.G. Partial reversal of the methylation pattern of X-linked gene HUMARA during hematopoietic differentiation of human embryonic stem cells. J Mol Cell Biol. 2010 Oct;2(5):291-8.
2009
- Navarro P., Chantalat S., Foglio M., Chureau C., Vigneau S., Clerc P. Avner P. and Rougeulle C. A role for non-coding Tsix transcription in partitioning chromatin domains within the mouse X-inactivation centre. Epigenetics Chromatin. 2009 Jul 20;2(1):8.
Members

Jeanne Brouillet
Bioinformatic engineer (CDD CNRS ERC XCycle)
brouillet.jeanne@parisepigenetics.com
+33(0)157278929
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Emmanuel Cazottes
PhD student (Université Paris Cité)
emmanuel.cazottes@etu.u-paris.fr
+33(0)157278930
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Romina Facchinello
PhD student (Université Paris Cité)
romina.facchinello@etu.u-paris.fr
+33 (0)157278930
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Christophe Huret
Lab Manager | Vectorology platform manager (Université Paris Cité)
+33(0)157278929
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Céline Morey
Senior researcher (INSERM)
celine.morey@univ-paris-diderot.fr
+33(0)157278929
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Jean-Francois Ouimette
Assistant Professor (Université Paris Cité)
jean-francois.ouimette@u-paris.fr
+33(0)157278929
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Samantha Sheng
Post-doctoral fellow (CDD CNRS ERC Xcycle)
ms.samanthasky@parisepigenetics.com
+33(0)157278930
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Claire ROUGEULLE, PhD, HDR, DR1 – CNRS
CNRS – Epigenetics and Cell Fate – UMR7216
Université Paris Cité
Bat Lamarck, 4ème étage. Case courrier 7042
35, rue Hélène BRION
75205 Paris Cedex 13
Tél : 33 (0)1 5727 8924
Fax : 33 (0)1 5727 8911
Email : claire.rougeulle@u-paris.fr
Related content

EMBO-XCI meeting in Berlin
Rougeulle lab gathering at the EMBO meeting “X-chromosome inactivation: New insights on its 60th anniversary” held in Berlin 19-22 June 2023. ...

Publication : Species-specific regulation of XIST by the JPX/FTX orthologs
Congratulations to the team members for this new article about "Species-specific regulation of XIST by the JPX/FTX orthologs" published in Nucleic Acids Research (Feb 2023). Graphical abstract In contrast to the mouse, human JPX regulates XIST through mechanisms that...

Welcome Romina !
Romina Facchinello is joining the lab for her Master’s internship (Magistère Européen de Génétique). Welcome Romina!Read more

Claire Rougeulle receives the Janine Beisson 2022 medal
The French Society of Genetics (SFG) 2022 medal, Janine BEISSON prize, was awarded to Claire ROUGEULLE by her Professor of genetics Bernard DUJON (former president of the SFG) in the presence of the current vice-presidents of the SFG Clément Carré and Frédéric Bernard...